قرحة المعدة والإثناعشر هي من أكثر أمراض الجهاز الهضمي انتشارا وتنتج عن تلف الغشاء المخاطي للمعدة والإثناعشر نتيجة لعدة عوامل أهمها: زيادة إفراز حمض الهيدروكلوريك والعدوى بميكروب الحلائز البوابية والاستخدام المزمن للأدوية المضادة للالتهابات الغيرستيرويدية، إضافة إلى عوامل أخرى مثل التدخين والاستعمال المفرط للكحول. كما تلعب العوامل النفسية والإجهاد العصبي دوراً هاماً في استحداث المرض. أثبتت العديد من الدراسات السابقة على فئران التجارب أن الأدوية المضادة للاكتئاب والتوتر تساعد في تخيف أعراض قرحة المعدة والتي تزيد نسبة الإصابة بها في مرضي الحالات العصبية والنفسية مثل القلق واضطرابات الشخصية والاكتئاب. الهدف من الدراسة: يعتبر الدواء مرتازابين من الأدوية الحديثة لعلاج مرض الاكتئاب، هذا الدواء له آلية تأثير مميزة، عليه صممت هذه الدراسة لدراسة التأثير المضاد للمرتازبين على القرحة المعدية المستحدثة في الفئران البيضاء بواسطة الإيثانول. الخطوات وطرق العلاج: ثم استعمال فئران بيضاء بالغة من الذكور في جميع التجارب. تم إعطاء الإيثانول لكل الفئران عن طريق الفم بجرعة تساوي 1 ملي ليتر/200 جرام من وزن الجسم. ثلاث جرعات مختلفة من عقار المرتازابين (15،30،60 ملجم/كجم) تم إعطاؤها لمجموعات مختلفة من الفئران ساعة قبل تجريعها الإيثانول، وقورنت النتائج بمجموعة مرجعية عولجت بعقار الرانيتيدين 50 ملجم/كجم وهو مثبط لمستقبلات الهيستامين نوع-2. النتائج: بينت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن الجرعات المختلفة لعقار المرتازابين قللت وبشكل فعال من أعداد وأطوال قرحة المعدة الناجمة عن الإيثانول، وكانت الجرعة 30 ملجم/كجم هي الأكثر فعالية في التقليل من حدوث القرحة في الفئران. وأكدت التغيرات الهيستوباثولوجية لنسيج المعدة في المجموعات المختلفة تلك النتائج. إضافة إلى ذلك فإن المعالجة بعقار المرتازابين أدى إلى زيادة طفيفة في حموضة المعدة الكلية، وكانت الزيادة ملحوظة مع استعمال الجرعة العالية من المرتازابين وهي 60 ملجم/كجم. الاستنتاج: نستنج من هذه الدراسة أن المعالجة المسبقة للفئران بالعقار المضاد للاكتئاب المرتازابين قبل استحداث القرحة المعدية بالإيثانول يؤدي إلى التقليل من حدوث هذه القرحة، وهذه الحماية لا ترتبط بالتقليل من إفراز الحمض المعدي والذي كانت زيادته ملحوظة باستخدام الجرعات المختلفة من المرتازابين. Abstract: Despite the availability of many drugs used to treat peptic ulcer disease, the search for new therapy is continued. Antidepressant drugs are among the drugs used since the early 1950s to treat gastric ulcers. In this study the antiulcer activity of 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg of the antidepressant drug mirtazapine has been evaluated on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in wistar rats. The results have been compared with those of a reference group treated with 50 mg/kg ranitidine and an ulcer control group given distilled water as a pre-treatment before administration of ethanol. All the three doses of mirtazapine have significantly reduced the number (p
هدي يوسف بادي (2015)

Aims: Diabetic foot ulcer is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus and often proceed lower extremely amputation. Propolis is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory bee derived protectant resin. Previously, topically applied propolis has been reported to reduce inflammation and improves cutaneous ulcer healing in diabetic rodents. This study aimed to determine the Libyan honey and propolis activity and honey against bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcer lesion Study Design: In vitro antimicrobial activities of honey and crude hexane and methanolic extract of Libyan propolis against bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcer lesion Place and Duration of Study: Samples collected from patient in Tripoli Iben Nafees Hospital using disc and agar diffusion method. Methodology: Disk diffusion method on groups of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were obtained from diabetic foot lesion. Results: The result showed that the percentage of aerobic bacteria isolated from diabetic lesion was about 74%, which include MRSA, E. coli, Ps. aeruginose, Citrobacter, Pantoea, Proteus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Enterobacter and Serratia bacteria. Whereas anaerobic bacteria reported about 26% of Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus Jensenii. Conclusion: It was concluded that the honey and propolis extract had antibacterial activity against a different type of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that were isolated from diabetic foot ulcer lesion.
Basma Mohamed K Doro(1-2019)

Abstract The objective of the study is to find a substitute for corn starch and find various options for pharmaceutical industry.Three types of grains were used which were “Hordeum vulgare “Barlay., Orchis mascula” Salep” pannistum americanum “ Pearl millet” starch was extracted from the grains and their disintegration time was measured.Physiochemical screening were used for determining the total value, moisture, protein, fat, fiber, pH, melting point, loss on drying, optical rotation, I.R, solubility, organoleptic evaluation, microbial contamination, swelling index, content of .rbohydrate.Pharmaceutical evaluation was used for determine bulk density, tapped density, average diameter and particle size distribution, starch powder flow properties “angle repose, Hausner’s ratio and cars index. The powder was transformed into granules with the usage of super disintegrant (poly vinyl pyrolidin P.V.P) for many concentrations, the pharmaceutical evaluations above-mentioned were used to measure the disintegration time, and the best result was 7.5% of (P.V.P), this concentration was used in the other formulas. The objective of the study is to find a substitute for corn starch and find various options for pharmaceutical industry. Three types of grains were used which were “Hordeum vulgare “Barlay., Orchis mascula” Salep” pannistum americanum “ Pearl millet” starch was extracted from the grains and their disintegration time was measured.Physiochemical screening were used for determining the total value, moisture, protein, fat, fiber, pH, melting point, loss on drying, optical rotation, I.R, solubility, organoleptic evaluation, microbial contamination, swelling index, content of carbohydrate.Pharmaceutical evaluation was used for determine bulk density, tapped density, average diameter and particle size distribution, starch powder flow properties “angle repose, Hausner’s ratio and cars index.The powder was transformed into granules with the usage of super disintegrant (poly vinyl pyrolidin P.V.P) for many concentrations, the pharmaceutical evaluations above-mentioned were used to measure the disintegration time, and the best result was 7.5% of (P.V.P), this concentration was used in the other formulas. The granules were pressed into tablets by the usage of Apress of 15KN in order to determine the disintegration time. The granules were prepared by wet and dry granulation techniques. The concentrations of the starch were (3%, 9%). Then they were evaluated by pharmaceutical evaluations previously mentioned.The granule was transformed into tablets weight variation, thickness, hardness and disintegration times were determined. From the study results, we noticed that the results of the physiochemical screening are similar to the parameters of Syrian Arab Organization and Metrology. The results revealed the contamination of the starch because of its hygroscopic nature.The results of the wet granulation method was better than dry granulation method and the results of pharmaceutical evaluation were acceptable.The sample with the largest particle size the shortest disintegration time, decrease the concentration of starch lead to rapid penetration of water and an increase in disintegration time.The result of dissolution test was good within the limit of British pharmacopeia
بثينة يوسف مهنى (2016)