A total of 25 randomly purchased bread samples were analyzed in this study from 25 different bakeries in Tajoura city. Bread in Libya is highly consumed among all socioeconomic groups; it is mainly consumed in breakfast, dinner and school meals. Potassium bromate is the most popular additive used in bakery industry worldwide. Bakeries in the US used Potassium bromate as bread improver since 1914 to increase bread volume and texture and improve bread production. The main aim of this study is to assess the safety of bread by the measurement of residual potassium bromate using a rapid and reliable method and to investigate the level of compliance to the ban fourteen years later. This method is based on the reaction between bromate and iodide in acidic medium to produce iodine (I2). The absorbance of I2 was measured spectrophotometrically at 488nm. The calibration curve was linear (R2=0.9996) over the range 1.0 – 5.0mg/L of potassium bromate. Despite the ban of potassium bromate in Libya since 2005 due to its classification as a potential carcinogen it is still detected in local bread loaves. All samples showed high levels of potassium bromate to be 300 to 1333 more than the permissible level set by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which is highly toxic for consumers and could threaten their health over prolonged regular consumption. A continuous pursuance and implementation of the ban on use of potassium bromate in baking industry in Libya is recommended. arabic 11 English 67
RAGIAB ALI MOKHTAR ISSA(1-2020)

: Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non invasive imaging technique with widespread applications in medicine and industry. It aims to image the conductivity distribution within an object by making electrical measurements on the surface of the volume. Single frequency electrical impedance tomography offers many positive attributes which are now being exploited clinically, but there are also problems which have been identified. Multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography has been proposed to solve this problem by making impedance measurements over a range of frequencies. The reason for this is that the impedance of biological tissues varies with frequency, and the variations are different from tissue to tissue. It is therefore possible, in principle to make static image (i.e. images of the distribution of frequency dependence of the impedance within the body) by measuring tissue impedance over a range of frequencies. In this paper new method concerning multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography have been developed. In the this new developed method; current density and finite element method have been used for the derivation of the complex sensitivity matrix. The new developed method was applied in some models and acceptable results were found. By using these method it possible to produce improvement and fast image reconstructions.
Amani SOLIMAN(3-2012)

1. Objetivos Con el fin de conocer cuando y como surgen los juegos infantiles y cómo evolucionan, hemos especificado tres objetivos fundamentales que son los siguientes: 1. Recopilar y analizar los juegos que habían practicado los niños y niñas libios en el pasado a través de entrevistas personales con población adulta. 2. Conocer los distintos tipos de juego que practican los niños y niñas libios en la actualidad mediante la observación directa en centros de educación preescolar, de tres a seis años, así como en centros de educación primaria, desde primero hasta quinto curso. 3. Explorar como surge y evoluciona el juego en un sujeto concreto, en este caso pretendemos estudiar el caso Luly, de tres años de edad, mediante la observación longitudinal de sus juegos y el análisis de cómo van evolucionando. 2. Interrogantes Esta tesis pretende dar respuestas a algunos interrogantes que a su vez son el camino para lograr los objetivos planteados. 1. ¿Qué juegos practicaban los niños y niñas libios en el pasado? 2. ¿Qué tipos de juego practican los niños y niñas libios en la actualidad? 3. ¿A qué juega Luly? 3. Descripción de la muestra Los sujetos de la muestra de la presente tesis son los siguientes:  Las personas entrevistadas de ambos géneros con un número total de 47 individuos, de las cuales 27 son varones (57.44 %) y 20 son mujeres (42.55%), de edades comprendidas entre 30 y 80 años (Véase Tabla 2). arabic 13 English 72
Masauda Muftah A abdrahman(1-2012)