Seabird feathers and eggshells are used as bio-monitors for trace metal contamination. Eleven trace element concentrations in wing primaries (n = 21) and eggshells (n = 8) are reported herein for two resident seabirds, Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus and Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana, at Pulau Ling and Pulau Tokung Burung, Malaysia. Metal concentration followed the pattern Zn > Cr > Mn > Sr > Cu > Se > Ba > Pb > Cd > Ga > Li. Significant positive correlations existed among all trace metals, except for Cr in Black-naped Tern and Li and Cd in Bridled Tern feathers. We also analyzed metal concentrations in eggshells, and for Bridled Tern, the concentration pattern was Zn > Mn > Se > Sr > Ba > Pb > Co > Cu > Cd, whereas for Black-naped Tern it was Cr > Zn > Mn > Ba > Sr > Se > Cu> Co > Pb. A pairwise positive correlation was significant among most trace metals in feather samples, indicating synergistic effects of two or more elements. More studies are needed to build a baseline database of trace metal concentrations in seabirds of Southeast Asia, as little research on this subject has been conducted in this region.
Abdulmula Abdumagid Alhadi Hamza(1-2022)

Ternary systems of 152Eu(III), bulk bentonite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) ([Eu] = 7.9 × 10−10 M; pH = 6.0–7.0) have been studied. Without EDTA, there was slow uptake in a two-stage process, with initial rapid sorption of Eu(III) (96%), followed by slower uptake of a much smaller fraction (3.0% over a period of one month). The reversibility of Eu(III) binding was tested by allowing Eu(III) to sorb to bentonite for 1–322 days. EDTA was added to the pre-equilibrated Eu bentonite systems at 0.01 M, a concentration that was sufficient to suppress sorption in a system where EDTA was present prior to the contact of Eu(III) with bentonite. A fraction of the Eu was released instantaneously (30‒50%), but a significant amount remained bound. With time, the amount of Eu(III) retained by the bentonite reduced, with a slow fraction dissociation rate constant of approximately 4.3 × 10−8 s−1 (values in the range 2.2 × 10−8 – 1.0 × 10−7 s−1) for pre-equilibration times ≥7 days. Eventually, the amount of Eu(III) remaining bound to the bentonite was within error of that when EDTA was present prior to contact (4.5% ± 0.6), although in systems with pre-equilibration times >100 days, full release took up to 500 days. Europium interactions with colloidal bentonitewere also studied, and the dissociation rate constant measured by a resin competition method. For the colloids, more Eu was found in the slowly dissociating fraction (60–70%), but the first-order dissociation rate constant was faster, with an average rate constant of 8.8 × 10−7 s−1 and a range of 7.7 × 10−7–9.5 × 10−7 s−1. For both bulk and colloidal bentonite, although slow dissociation was observed for Eu(III), there was no convincing evidence for ‘irreversible’ binding.
RAGIAB ISSA(1-2021)

يعد اللعب وسيلة الطفل في التعبير الرمزي عن خبراته في عالم الواقع وعن مشكلاته وصراعاته ونظرًا لاهمية اللعب في حياة الطفل فان هذا البحث ركز علي أهمية دور اللعب في تشخيص وعلاج القلق في مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة حيث يهدف هذا البحث الي التعرف عن انواع اللعب والكشف عن أهمية اللعب بالنسبة للأطفال والتعرف علي انواع القلق وأسبابه وطرق علاجه والكشف عن دور اللعب في تشخيص وعلاج القلق لدي الأطفال وقد تم الاستعانة بالمنهج الوصفي الكيفي ومن خلال الاستنتاجات توصل الباحثون الي ان اللعب يعد من الأنشطة الفطرية التي يمارسها الأطفال منذ ولادتهم وتتعدد اشكاله وتتنوع لديهم منها اللعب الفردي والجماعي والمنظم والعشوائي ومن خلال اللعب يكتشف الطفل العالم من حوله وتنمو مدركاته العقلية كما يعد اللعب وسيلة لإظهار مواهب وإبداعات الطفل وتنمية التفكير الإبداعي لديه وان سلوك اللعب يعد مؤشرا مهما علي الصحة النفسية للأطفال تستخدم انواع اللعب الدرامي والتمثيلي وراوية القصص والالعاب الإلهامية والسماع الي الموسيقي والرسم في تشخيص وعلاج العديد من مشاكل الطفل النفسية وخاصة القلق يساعد اللعب الجماعي في تقويم اخلاق الطفل اذ يخضع فيه الي عوامل مهمة مثل المشاركة الواجدانية والتضامن مع الزملاء
ربيعة حسين احمد حسين , (10-2020)