Exposure to trichloroethane (TCE), an industrial solvent, has been shown to be negatively associated with reproductive performance. The present study was performed to assess the effects of TCE exposure on the reproductive performance and outcome in mice during a critical developmental window of later reproductive life. A group of female mice were injected intraperitoneally twice weekly for three weeks with TCE (100 and 400 µg/kg). Mice were followed up for signs of toxicity and death. Changes in uterine tissues have also been investigated by histopathology. The results showed that TCE exposure has reduced the number of F0 fertile females comparing to controls. Moreover, TCE exposure resulted in a decreased pups number and changed sex ratio in the litter of F0 TCE­treated dams. Histopathological examination revealed a TCE­induced uterine toxicity appeared as a severe endometrial hyperplasia with squamous cell metaplasia and adenomyosis. These results indicate that TCE exposure during a critical reproductive developmental window could affect the fertility and interfere with the reproductive outcome in mice.
Mohamed A. Al-Griw, Seham A. Azreg, Emad M. Bennour, Salem A. El-Mahgiubi, Ali R. Al-Attar, Naser M. Salama, Abdul Hakim Elnfati(10-2015)

Abstract Introduction: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC type, carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), are important mechanisms of resistance among Enterobacteriaceae. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ESBL, AmpC and CRE among Enterobacteriaceae isolates recovered from pediatric patients in Tripoli, Libya. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Tripoli Children Hospital (TCH), a total of 915 Gram negative bacteria isolates were evaluated for susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobials and were analyzed phenotypically for the ESBL, AmpC type and CRE using chromagen media, E-test and combination disc test. Results: The predominant organisms were Escherichia coli (56.8%) and Klebsiella spp. (21.4%). The overall prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae was 24.5% (224/915). Out of 224, Enterobacteriaceae proved ESBL producer, Klebsiella spp. (54%) and E. coli (34.4%) were the leading ESBL producers. ESBL-producers were more often resistant to major classes of antibiotics compared with non-ESBL producers, significantly high resistance rates (P < 0.001) were observed for ceftriaxone, cefepime, and ceftazidime (87.5 - 95.9%) among ESBL producers compared to non-ESBL producers (7.2 - 13.5%). MDR was documented for 50/224 (22.3%) of ESBL producers and was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) among ESBLs compared with non-ESBL producer isolates. Phenotypic detection of AmpC revealed 60/915 (6.6%) isolates as potential AmpC β-lactamase producers, E. coli exhibited a lower level of AmpC (8.3%) compared with Klebsiella spp. (56.6%). The overall prevalence of CRE was 9% (83/915). Carbapenemase-producing organisms in this study were as follows: Klebsiella spp. (44.6%); Acinetobacter spp. (24%); Pseudomonas spp. (9.6%). Conclusion: This study revealed that the prevalence of ESBL, AmpC, CRE and MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Children hospital was within acceptable frequency. arabic 11 English 91
Abdulaziz Zorgani, Abdulla Bashein, (1-2017)

Introduction: the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after Spinal injuries was largely realised but the true incidence of which is still variable and unclear. Abstract Patients & method: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 374 consecutive patients who sustained traumatic spinal injury and admitted acutely to a comprehensive care spinal injuries centre. 159 patients had spinal trauma with spinal cord injury (SCI) and 215 were neurologically intact. The majority of these patients were treated non-surgically and received the same thromboprophylactic regimen started within a median of 2 days post injury. The incidence of clinical VTE (deep Vein thrombosis DVT & Pulmonary Embolism PE) was determined and some risk factors discussed. Results: Among the neurologically intact group one patient developed clinical PE (0.5%). Out of 159 patients with SCI, 23 developed clinically evident VTE (14.5%), 15 had DVT (11.9%), 4 PE (5%) and 4 had both DVT & PE). There was no fatality. Complete SCI lesions were associated with higher incidence of VTE compared to incomplete lesions, 17.6 % & 11% respectively (p
Nabil Alageli, Aheed Osman(7-2021)