نقوم في هذه الدراسة باستعراض لموضوع الكسور التسلسلية وبعض المفاهيم المهمة ذات العلاقة بالموضوع؛ ثم نعرج بعد ذلك إلى موضوع حساب الكسور التسلسلية وإلى بعض أنواع المتسلسلات المستخدمة في كتابة الكسور التسلسلية. بعدئذ نقوم بإيجاد واستخراج الجذور بإستخدام الكسور التسلسلية، حيث نبدأ بالجذر التربيعي فالجذر النوني ومن ثم الكميات على الصورة . نقوم بعد ذلك بحل المعادلات من الدرجة الثانية بإستخدام الكسور التسلسلية. يلي ذلك استعراض بعض التطبيقات على الكسور التسلسلية في الفيزياء والمعادلات وبعض التطبيقات الأخرى. في ختام الرسالة نعطي حسابات عددية ذات علاقة بموضوع الكسور التسلسلية مع إجراء مقارنة بنتائج يتم التوصل اليها بطرق أخرى. Abstract Though the subject of continued fractions is old; but it is still important and interesting .Accordingly this work come into light. First. We give same important definitions and concepts; then we proceed various to give variation representations using continued fractions such as Fibonacci series. The computation of roots of various kinds is another subject tackled in this concern and the solution of algebraic equations of the second degree using continued fractions, is also presented and discussed . Other important applications of continued fraction are presented, such as their use in physics, in th solution of Schrodinger equations , and in differential equation , to solve for Hermite , Laguerre and Legendre polynomials . Finally, some computations regarding the extraction of roots of real numbers are performed and compared with exact methods. It is also to be stressed that though the subject of continued fraction is an old one, but it is still vital and of interest as a useful topic of research.
زكية محمد احمد عبران (2014)

Abstract Laser surface treatment of materials is one of the most effective methods of improving properties and performance of metallic articles. This technique proved its capabilities and advantages in comparison with other methods of surface treatment As an example, it has been shown that the distortion caused by this type of treament is at least one order of magnitude smaller than by that due to other techniques. Moreeover, laser beam is capable of reaching practically any point of the surface whatever it is narrow or difficult to reach by other techniques. The current work investigates the possibility of improving certain mechanical properties of both technically pure aluminum and A1-4o/oSi alloy, using ruby laser of 3 xl 05 W/cm2 power density. The surface of the investigated materials has been impregnated by SiC particles of varying size ranges, with or without firrther alloying of the surface with Titanium powder addition to the impregnated mixture. The laser treatment included coating one surface of each specimen of SiC particles by means of a binder added at a certain ratio (with or without Ti additions to the mixture). The coated surface was then subjected to the laser beam, which melted a layer I OO-150Jilll thick. Due to hydrodynamic effects the melt mixes with SiC particles and dissolves some or all of the added Ti and rapidly solidifies forming a thin layer distinct in properties from the original surface. Two groups of specimens were used in this study. The first group was treated by impregnating SiC particles of one size range with or without Ti-additions. Various numbers of laser pulses have been applied increasmg in a geometrical progression (1-2-4-8 pulses). These specimens were used for the study of the effect of varying: 1) the chemical composition of the substrate materials ;2) the number of laser pulses :and 3) the effect of Ti additions to the impregnating mixture on the microstracture and microhardness of the treated zones. The specimens of the 2nd group were coated by a square network of laser treated zones each 1.5mm in diameter. These specimens have been used to study :1) the effect of the chemical composition of the substrate material ;2) the size of the SiC particles and 3) the effect of Ti addition to the mixture on the wear perfomance of the treated specimens. Identical specimens have been used to determine the solubility of Si into the aluminum phase during the test by means of x-ray diffraction. This dissolved Si is partly responsible for the increase ID microhardness and wear resistance of the investigated specimens. The results show the positive effect of the applied treatment on the properties and preformence of technically pure AI and A-4%Si alloy. The materials microhardness within the treated zones has been increased by a factor of 2.7 and 2.4 for pure Al and Al-4%Si substrates, respectively. The microstructure of the treated zones became more homogeneous and the penetration of SiC particles into them has been increased with increasing the number of the applied laser pulses. The wear resistance of pure Al has been increased by a factor of 73.6 due to laser assisted impregnation, while that of AI-4%Si by afactor of 42.5. Wear resistance was found to increase with I) Si addition to the base metal; 2) Ti addition to the impregnated mixture, and 3) increasing the SiC particle size. This thesis is a part of a wider study that deals with surface treatment of Al and AI-Si alloys undertaken in our laboratry. Such study proved how effective the laser alloying and impregnation of such alloys in improving some of their mechanical properties which are important in industrial application, especially in internal combustion engine design.
أسماء عبد الرزاق وهرة (2002)

"أجريت أربعة تجارب لدراسة تحمل كل من الحزاز الكبدي Riccia sorocarpa والحزاز القائم Funaria hygrometrica للجفاف، حيث جمعت العينات من مدينة طرابلس (مشتل الجديدة) وكذلك من منطقة جادو (العين الزرقاء)، ونظفت النباتات بعناية لإجراء التجارب عليها. أوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن كلا من النباتين يزيد امتصاصهما للماء كلما تزيدات نسبة الرطوبة ، إذ نجد أن أعلى كمية ممتصة من الماء ، كانت عند نسبة رطوبة 100% متبوعاً ب 90% ثم 80% على التوالي ، وأن قدرة هذه النباتات على امتصاص الماء تحت رطوبة نسبية منخفضة كان ضعيفاً ، وذلك لعدم قدرتها على زيادة مساحة أوراقها وتمددها ، لانه فى هذه الحالة كانت الرطوبة غير كافية ، أما عندما زادت كمية الرطوبة عند 100% ، 90%، 80% كانت كافية لامتداد أوراقها وزيادة مساحتها ، ولذلك نجد ما تمتصه من الماء تحت الرطوبة العالية يساوى أضعاف ما تمتصه تحت الرطوبة المنخفضة .الحزازيات التى تنمو فى المناطق المعتدلة من ليبيا ، تعاني من مشاكل عدم تكرار هطول الأمطار ، مما يسبب فى انخفاض الرطوبة النسبية ، وبالتالي بينت نتائج هذه الدراسة أيضا أن Riccia sorocarpa هي من حزازيات المناطق المعتدلة كان محتواها المائي 20% عند رطوبة نسبية 50% ، وأن Funaria hygrometrica وهي أيضاً من حزازيات المناطق المعتدلة محتواها المائي كان 30% تحت رطوبة نسبية 70% ، وبدأت في الجفاف بعد ذلك بسرعة تحت معدلات من الرطوبة النسبية المنخفضة 30- 50% ولكنها تستطيع إعادة نشاطها إذا ما بللت بالماء ، أو بماء المطر من جديد. أظهرت نتائج هذا البحث أيضاً أن الإجهاد المائي ( الجفاف ) أدى إلى زيادة تركيز حامض البرولين في الحزاز القائم F. hygrometrica عنه عند توفر الرطوبة ، بالتالي فإن هذا النبات عندما يرتفع فيه تركيز الحامض بمستوى أعلى يكون أكثر مقدرة على مقاومة الجفاف والنمو .وكذلك أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أيضا أن النسب العالية والمنخفضة من الرطوبة النسبية أثرت على تركيز العناصر الصغرى والكبرى والثقيلة في نبات F. hygrometrica ، حيث تبين أن التركيز الأعلى للعنصر كان عند مستوى 0% و 30% رطوبة ، و التركيز الأقل للعنصر كان عند مستوى 70% و 100% رطوبة. Abstrcat Four experiments were carried out on drought tolerance of Riccia sorocarpa and Funaria hygrometrica collected From Tripoli (Al-Jadida Arboretum), and from jadu (Alain Al-Zarqa), the specimens were cleaned carefully. The results showed that water absorption is positively correlated with humidity, the maximum water absorption was noted at 100% relative humidity, followed by 90% and 80 %,respectively.The results also showed that the ability of absorption was decreased under low relative humidity because the plants were unable to increase the leaf surface area under insufficient humidity conditions, while at high humidity, the plants were able to increase their leaf surface area, and then the amount of water absorbed under high humidity, was many times more than the amount of water absorbed under low humidity.Liverworts that grow in temperate habitats in Libya suffer from infrequent rain fall which resulting low humidity, that why water content of Riccia sorocarpa was 20 % at 50 % relative humidity, and in Funaria hygrometrica was 30 % at 70 % relative humidity, and started to dry dramatically under 30 – 50 % relative humidity, but it were able to resume their growth when welted or if re-rained again. The results also showed that drought led to an increase in concentration of the prolic acid in F. hygrometrica,whin the relative humidity was there.Thus, this plant when it raises higher level of concentration of the acid it will be to be more resistant to drought.The results of this study also found that the high and low rates of relative humidity affected on the concentration of macro-and micro elements, and heavy metals in F. hygrometrica, it was found that the highest concentration of the element was at 0% and 30% moisture, and the lowest concentration was at 70% and 100% humidity."
نادية سليمان حامد طلوز (2013)