Abstract Libyan cities have experienced a period of rapid urban expansion in the past decades. Urban growth as an example has been the focus of urban researches for a long time. Due to the complexity of the urban growth process, it’s very difficult to model urban growth using traditional urban models. Recently, urban researches are keen on a new technology, Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing technique was applied in many aspects of life, due to ability of covering and representing the real world around us. In urban research, field researches set up many applications to simulate the urban phenomena such as sprawl process, landuse change trends, landcover...etc. Remote sensing technology helps to extract and organize the data about such phenomenon. In addition to understand their spatial relationships, and provides a powerful means to planners and decision makers for analyzing and information about a place or a phenomenon. This will have great impact on the quality of the decision-making. The study uses Spot 5 images, topographic maps which derived from aerial photographs for the year 1980. The remote sensing image interpretation and change detection to review the urban expansion for the study area in (1980 and 2009).Spot satellite image of 2009 and Landuse maps1980 will be used to derive information on urban land use in the study area. The visual interpretation is used to extract landuse. The mutual use of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) describes the overall physics changes of the study area. This effort can be considered as an application case in this field (RS-based town planning information system), where this thesis show how that system can be useful of using this technology and supporting the sector by developing a model that can support the process of planning and maintain what remained of the agricultural lands to prevent them from encroachment by the urban growth.
حسين علي أحمد زيدان (2010)

هذه الدراسة تتركز على تحسين المعلومات بحل المشاكل الأستاتيكية الناتجة عن الكثبان الرملية في الامتياز (NC210) الذي يقع في حوض مرزق في الجنوب الغربي من ليبيا. وقد ثم اختيار عدد اثنين من الخطوط السيزمية وهما الخط (NC210-05-207) والخط (NC210-05-200) لإجراء هذه الدراسة. تم استخدم طريقتين لحساب التصحيحات الأستاتيكية وتم عرض النتائج. وبلغ طول هذين الخطين )26.5) كيلو متر وتم معالجتهما في شركة شمال أفريقيا للاستكشاف الجيوفيزيائ (NAGECO) باستخدام برنامج (ProMAX software, 2003) وكذلك برنامج (GeoTomo software).تم تطبيق معلومات الإنكسار السيزمي بطريقة (Delay Time Method) وكذلك طريقة حفر الآبار Uphole Method)) في هذه الحسابات. وأخيراً تم عرض أمثلة للمقاطع السيزمية باستخدام هاتين الطريقتين ومناقشة النتائج المتحصل عليها. Abstract This study deals with static problems on seismic reflection profiles over sand dunes in concession NC210 in Murzuq Basin southwestern Libya. Two methods of computing field statics have been implemented and the results are presented. Two seismic lines of 26.5 km total length that crossed over sand dunes were processed in North Africa Geophysical Exploration Company (NAGEC) using proMAX software package for seismic data processing and GeoTomo software for inversion static correction softwares for each set of field statics. The refraction field statics are estimated by picking the first break from seismic reflection records using delay time method. The second method of field statics that has been used in this study is the uphole method or conventional method. Examples of brute stack sections of both seismic lines have been presented with two different field statics.range from fair (10%-20%) and lower Nubian (6%-15%). The permeability values range from (2.40 md) to (91.1md), water saturation varies across the reservoir due to the location with respect to the boundaries of the field, averaging 33%. Nubian formation the cement is quartz overgrowth and pore filling cements including anhydrite, chlorite and clays (kaolinite, chlorite and illite/smectite). The oil contact (owc) 3v-59 is defined to be at sub sea depth of 110110 ft. and 97-II NC (OWC) was observed in the reservoir section. The Net Pay is 235 ft at 6% porosity cut off for Q2well, and Q1well the net pay123ft, at 6% porosity, 3v3 the Net pay is 273.5 ft, MOS is 5.64 ft, and residual oil column heigh 7.133 ft, and 3v4 well the net pay equal 324.0 ft, at 6% porosity, Net pay is 273.5 ft, MOS is 3.05 ft, and residual oil column high 2.701ft, and oil saturation 54.66%, Difference in formation water salinity between wells where 3v-59E has salinity of 160,000ppm and OO82 is 215,000 pm. This difference in salinity affects the formation resistivity actor, consequently, the cementation factor because the formation factor depends on many parameters such as porosity, pore size and structure; salinity of connate water and irreducible water saturation.
عبد المجيد عمر أبو محلولة (2013)

هذا البحث يقدم نماذج العيب للبرمجة بلغة السي أثناء تنفيد البرامج، نماذج العيب تزود تحليل للعيب/ الفشل موضحاً كيف يمكن للعيب في البرمجة بلغة السي أن يسبب تغيير حالة البيانات في البرنامج لتصبح حاطئة، وكيف أن تلك البيانات الخاطئة يمكن أن تستمر إلى الحالة النهائية للبرنامج، وبذلك يظهر الفشل Failure. نماذج العيب أيضاً تتضمن دليل لأنواع العيوب التي يعتقد أنها تمثل العيوب التي من المحتمل أن تكون مقدمة في البرامج من قبل مبرمجين يكتبون برامج لغة السي. كل نوع من هذه العيوب يكون موصوفاً في شروط حسب العيب الذي يظهر في محتوى برنامج لغة السي الأصلي وكذلك كيف يمكن أن يسبب التأثير في حالة البرنامج. أنواع العيوب تكون محددة من التحليل الدقيق لقواعد اللغة syntaxes ومعانيها semantics للبرامج المكتوبة بلغة السي. نماذج العيب يمكن أن تساعد المختبرين والمبرمجين لتحديد الأماكن في البرنامج التي غالباً ما تظهر فيها العيوب، نماذج العيب يمكن أن تكون أساساً جيداً لتصنيف العيب وإختبار التغيير وتفتيش البرنامج وتقييم إستراتيجيات الإختبار للبرامج المكتوبة بلغة السي. أمثلة معطاة لتبين النماذج الملائمة لهذه الأغراض. Abstract This thesis presents a fault models for C programming (Turbo C, version 3.0) in run-time of programs. The fault models provide a fault/failure analysis of how a fault in C programming can cause a data state change in the program to become corrupted, and how that erroneous data can propagate to the final state of the program, thereby manifesting a failure. The fault models also include a catalog of fault types that are believed to represent faults likely to be introduced in programs by programmers writing C code. Each type of fault is described in terms of how it appears syntactically in source code as well as in how it can cause an infection of program state. The fault types are identified from a careful analysis of the syntaxes and the semantics of C programs. The fault models can help testers and programmers identify places in a program where faults are most likely to appear, and identify what kinds of faults to look out for when using certain feature in C language. The fault models is claimed to be a good foundation for fault seeding, mutation testing, program inspections, and evaluation of testing strategies for C programs. Examples are given that demonstrate the model’s suitability for these purposes.
وفاء حسين محمود المصباحي (2010)