Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate in vitro and in vivo antagonistic activities of five Trichoderma isolates; three local (Lib1, Lib2, Lib3) and two commercial (T22, Tp1) against mycelium radial growth and sclerotia formation of the plant pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and its effect on seed germination and infection of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds. All experiments were conducted at two growth temperatures, 20 and 25˚C. Microscopic interactions of Trichoderma isolates and host fungus were performed by slide culture technique. Two concentrations (10, 20%) of Trichoderma culture filtrate were tested for their effect on mycelium growth. All Trichoderma isolates were able to inhibit the growth of the fungal pathogen, although, variations were observed among tested isolates in rate and mechanisms of inhibition. At 25⁰C Lib2 showed the highest rate of mycelium growth and spore formation. In mycoparasitism, the inhibition rate was 55% for Lib3 and 45% for Lib1. Whereas for indirect interactions; significant inhibition of mycelium radial growth was observed for Lib1 and Tp1 with a percentage of 28.5 and 26.4 respectively. Overgrowth was also reported on the colonies of S. sclerotiorum by Lib2 and T22, and these two isolates showed remarkable inhibition of sclerotia formation with a percentage rate of 91. The effect of culture filtrate of Trichoderma isolates was dose dependent, 20% concentration of culture filtrate lowered the rate of radial growth of S. sclerotiorum by 53% for Lib1 and 47.2% for Tp1, while lower inhibition of Sclerotinia radial growth was reported for 10% concentration of culture filtrate with a percentage of 45 for Lib1 and 34 for Tp1. At 20⁰C 10% and 20% culture filtrate exhibited lower effect on mycelium radial growth of Sclerotinia. Seed germination of peas (local variety) was enhanced by Trichoderma treatment. Increased rate of seed germination was reported by 96.6% for Lib1, Lib2 and 80% for Lib3 and 76% for Tp1, lower inhibitory effect was reported for T22 by 43%. Seed treated with Trichoderma isolates exhibited low rate of seedlings infection by S. sclerotiorum.
عواطف علي شليبيك (2013)

Thermoluminescence (TL) technique has been used to characterize and determine the dosimetric properties of natural sodium chloride (NaCl) salt extracted from the Seawater of the Mediterranean Sea. The TLD grade material was prepared by evaporation and annealing the powder obtained from the aqueous solution. The TL properties include the response to theb-irradiation dose and the effects resulting from annealing up to 700oC, heating rate and fading. The analysis involve using total Glow Curve Deconvolution (GCD) to separate the inherent overlapping TL-peaks and determine the TL characteristics and the trapping parameters using general order (GO)kinetics (activation energy, kinetic order, peak position of trap and the frequency factor). The GL-curves exhibit well defined TL-peaks around 140oC, 225oC and 380oC and response depending on the annealing temperature due to variations due to formation of the structural defects. A linear response was noticed over the delivered range of absorbed doses up to 4Gy. The fading results gave evidence that TL emission is due to a redistribution of trapping levels and indicate that the prominent TL-peak near 225oCis useful for TL-dosimetric applications. arabic 15 English 115
Fawzeia Khamis(5-2020)

استخدمنا في هذه الأطروحة بيانات الاستشعار عن بعد للقمر الاصطناعي لاندسات للمجس ألخرائطي الموضعي بالتكامل مع بيانات الجاذبية على شكل شاذة بوجير و التي أمكن الحصول على ما يغطي 70% من منطقة الدراسة.بيانات الاستشعار عن بعد على شكل صورة رقمية للقنوات (2. 4. 7) تم معالجتها باستخدام الطرق المختلفة لمعالجة الصورة الرقمية وذلك للحصول على اكبر قدر من المعلومات التي تتعلق بالتخريط الجيولوجي لمنطقة الدراسة في ضوء الخريطة الجيولوجية للمنطقة المعدة من قبل مركز البحوث الصناعية عام 1984. و عند معالجة الصورة الرقمية سواء كانت في شكل قناة واحدة أو صورة ذات ألوان غير حقيقية تم التركيز على تقنيات المعالجة التي تظهر المعالم المستطالة في الصورة و ذلك كونها تمثل التراكيب الجيولوجية المختلفة مثل الحدود بين الوحدات الصخرية و الصدوع و محاور الطيات.و يلاحظ أن منطقة الدراسة منطقة غير آهلة بالسكان مما يجعل المعالم المستطالة الغير طبيعية قليلة بل محدودة جدا متمثلة في طريق في جنوب شرقي منطقة الدراسة أما المعالم الأخرى و التي هي على شكل معالم مستطالة أو خطية فتعرضت للتصفية البصرية حتى تم استبعاد ما لا يوحي بمظهر جيولوجي مثل الاستطالة في الصورة photo trend . ثم عند إجراء أي عملية من عمليات التحسين للصورة الرقمية تم تفسير ما أمكن من الظواهر الجيولوجية المختلفة و التي جمعت مع بعضها البعض مكونة الخريطة الجيولوجية للمنطقة مفسرة من الصورة الرقمية للقمر الاصطناعي.أما البيانات الجاذبية و التي أمكن الحصول على ما يغطي 70% من منطقة الدراسة على شكل شاذة بوجير فقد تم عرضها و وجد إن أعلى قيمة -48.2mGal في هذه البيانات و اقل قيمة -73.5mGal و من هنا نستنتج أن الفارق بين القيمتين لا يمثل شاذة ذات قيمة كبيرة و مهمة في مجال الاستكشاف و هذا القول تدعمه الجيولوجيا في منطقة الدراسة حيث أن معظم الوحدات الصخرية هي من نوع الحجر الجيري و الغطاءات الرملية مع الاختلافات في العمر الجيولوجي.البيانات الجاذبية تم معالجتها ببرنامج Oasis montage و استخدمت الطرق المختلفة لفصل الشواذ الجاذبية و من خلال التركيب الليثولوجي لمختلف الوحدات الصخرية تم استنباط و تقدير قيمة الكثافة النوعية و التي استخدمت في عملية النمذجة باستخدام البرنامج السالف الذكر و أخيرا تم الحصول على الجيولوجيا التحت سطحية لمنطقة الدراسة على طول مقطعين جيولوجيين (A-A') ، (B-B') و اللذان تم اختيارهما بعناية بحيث يمران ما أمكن بالآبار المحفورة بمنطقة الدراسة حتى يتم استخدام السرود البئرية لضمان حدود و سمك الطبقات تحت سطحية من خلال تفسيرها. Abstract In this thesis, was used Remote Sensing Data of the Landsat satellite for sensor Thematic Mapper System with integration of gravity data in the Bouguer anomaly form which enable us to covers 70% of the study area.The Remote Sensing Data, in the digital image form of the Bands 2.4.7, was processed using different methods of digital image processing to obtain much information regarding the geological mapping of the study area in the light of the geological map of the area prepared by the Industrial Research Center in 1984.When the digital image processing, whether in the form of a Single Band or False Color Composite, the focus was on the processing techniques that illustrate linear features in the image since it represents different geological such as boundaries between the unit of the rocks formations and faults, folds and axes.It is noted that the study area is uninhabited, making the Linear features abnormal, few and very limited, represented by the road in the south-east of the study area, The other features which are elongated or linear features form, are exposed to visual filtration, excluding what is not a geological sight such photo trend.When processing any digital imaging enhancement, it has been interpreted as possible of the various geological phenomena which brought together to make up the geological map of the area which is explained in full of the digital image of the artificial satellite.The gravity data, which covers 70% of the study area in the form of Bouguer anomaly map has been presented and found that the maximum value in these data is -48.2 mGal and the minimum value is -73.5 mGal . this difference between the two values might not indicate a great and interesting anomaly of value and mission in the field of exploration and this view is supported by geology in the study area where the most rock units are limestone and sand use with the difference in geological age.The Gravity data was processed by the program Oasis montage and used different methods to separate anomaly of the gravity. Through the lithology composition of various rock units, the value of specific density has been estimated and used in the modeling process using the above mentioned program. Finally, two geological cross-sections (A-A'), (B-B') have been prepared and selected carefully in the way that pass as much as possible through drilled wells in study area to use the available well-logging data in aim to ensure the boundaries and thickness of sub- surface layers through its interpretation.
هشام عبد الله احمد اعواج (2010)