Abstract F01 The third assessment report of intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC) represented a consensus among the world’s leading climate scientists that rapid climate changes were occurring on a global scale and define climate change as “any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”. Climate change indicators should give an overview of the climate and it’s development. Climate change indicators are primarily used to simplify the complex reality and to communicate, more succinctly of critical information regarding climate trends. In establishing indicators, a distinguish can be made between primary indicators based on analysis of directly observed meteorological data, and secondary indicators based on responses of the living world to climate changes which provoke in living organisms. Precipitation data in the region were obtained from the Libyan National Climate Center (LNCC). The runoff collected in dams records were obtained from General Water Authority (GWA). The research has assessed a few of potential indicators for western region of Libya and has established several potentially valuable data sources which satisfy or partially satisfy the requirements that a good indicators should have. The runoff monitoring began 1972 when there is no awareness of climate change, but the importance of this data has now been realized. Both the meteorological data and water resource monitoring data have been shown to provide useful information on climate change in Libya. Clearly the climate in Libya is changing, as it always has, and as it always will. The indicators examined in this study suggest that despite a maritime location buffered by the Mediterranean sea from extremes of climate. Libya is mirroring, albeit at a some what delayed the climate change rate, not as the trends apparent at global scale. This study show importance of climatological data and water resource data records, and importance of depending on charting of climate data for more accuracy in predicting climate change. Key words: Climate, Climate change, Climate change indicators, Libya. Western region, arabic 12 English 67
Abdulfatah F Aboufayed(1-2014)

The broiler industry in Peninsular Malaysia has undertaken significant structural changes; mainly there has been a gradual move towards contract farming with an increasing number of broiler farmers working under contract arrangements for commercial firms and integrators. DVS indicated that the broiler contract farming system dominated around 75% of the domestic broiler production in Malaysia. Private Profitability plays a vital role in the sustainability of the broiler industry. To enhancement the agricultural performance in the country, the Malaysian government has been introduced several policies. Financial profitability is gauged using three agriculture incentives namely Pioneer Status (PS), Investment Tax Allowance (ITA) and Accelerated Capital Allowance (ACA). Though, the lack of effectiveness of the program is still of concern to the agricultural sector given the significance of poultry in Malaysia. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which those incentives affect the feasibility of the industry and financially assisting the viability of the project of contract farming in Peninsular Malaysia. Financial evaluation instruments were used to compute the assessment of firm’s financial projection mainly, Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PBP) and Profitability Index (PI). The questionnaire used as a tool for data collection and a face-to-face interview was organized for the 206 broiler contract farmers as respondents. The result reveals that the stock farmers who involve in contract farming are viable; highly profitable and rapidly recover its initial investment Moreover, with Government Incentives, the …
Zineb Abdulaker Benalywa , Mohd Mansor Ismail , Mad Nasir Shamsudin , Zulkornain Yusop (11-2018)

Broiler meat is the largest and cheapest protein source in Malaysia. Using the policy analysis matrix (PAM), this study examines the comparative advantage of broiler production in Peninsular Malaysia. Three hundred and ten farms in Peninsular Malaysia were involved in a field survey. The results of the domestic resource cost (DRC) show that Malaysia has a comparative advantage in all scales of broiler production. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the changes in input prices have a significant effect on comparative advantage. Nonetheless, the industry should reduce its dependence on corn-based feed, which is expensive and has an unstable price, to increase competitiveness in further securing its comparative advantage.
Zineb Abdulaker Benalywa , Mohd Mansor Ismail , Mad Nasir Shamsudin , Zulkornain Yusop (2-2019)